Chapter 3: Countries
🌍 Länder – Countries in German
Understanding countries and nationalities is essential at the A1 level. You will learn how to:
- Say where you're from
- Ask others about their origin
- Describe nationality and languages
- Use prepositions like "aus" (from)
🧾 Vocabulary: Country Names, Pronunciation, and Nationalities
| 🇩🇪 German Country | 🇬🇧 English | Pronunciation (EN) | Pronunciation (Hindi) | Nationality (m/f) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deutschland | Germany | doytsch-land | डॉयच-लांड | Deutscher / Deutsche |
| Österreich | Austria | uh-ster-raikh | ऑस्टर-राइख | Österreicher / Österreicherin |
| Schweiz | Switzerland | shvaits | श्वाइत्स | Schweizer / Schweizerin |
| Frankreich | France | frank-rykh | फ्रांक-राइख | Franzose / Französin |
| Italien | Italy | ee-tah-lee-en | इटालियन | Italiener / Italienerin |
| Spanien | Spain | shpan-yen | स्पान्येन | Spanier / Spanierin |
| Indien | India | in-dee-en | इंडिया | Inder / Inderin |
| USA / die USA | USA | oo-es-ah | यू-एस-ए | Amerikaner / Amerikanerin |
| Kanada | Canada | kah-nah-dah | कनाडा | Kanadier / Kanadierin |
| China | China | khee-nah | चीना | Chinese / Chinesin |
| Japan | Japan | yah-pahn | ज ापान | Japaner / Japanerin |
| Russland | Russia | roos-lahnd | रूसलांड | Russe / Russin |
| Türkei | Turkey | toor-kai | टुर्काई | Türke / Türkin |
| Ägypten | Egypt | eh-güp-ten | एग्युप्टन | Ägypter / Ägypterin |
| Griechenland | Greece | gree-khen-lahnd | ग्रीखेनलांड | Grieche / Griechin |
| Brasilien | Brazil | brah-zee-lee-en | ब्राज़ीलीयन | Brasilianer / Brasilianerin |
| Australien | Australia | ow-strah-lee-en | ऑस्ट्रालियन | Australier / Australierin |
📝 Gender Rules:
- 🇩🇪 -er = masculine (m), -erin = feminine (f)
- Countries are generally neutral in gender (das Land)
❓ Questions and Useful Phrases
| 🇩🇪 German Question | 🇬🇧 English Translation | Pronunciation (EN) | Hindi Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Woher kommst du? | Where are you from? | voh-hair komst doo | तुम कहाँ से हो? |
| Ich komme aus … | I come from … | eekh kom-meh owss | मैं ... से हूँ |
| Aus welchem Land kommst du? | From which country are you? | owss vel-khem lahnd komst doo | तुम किस देश से हो? |
| Ich bin aus Indien. | I’m from India. | eekh bin owss in-dee-en | मैं भारत से हूँ |
| Welche Sprache sprichst du? | Which language do you speak? | vel-khe shpra-khe shprikhst doo | तुम कौन सी भाषा बोलते हो? |
| Ich spreche Deutsch. | I speak German. | eekh shpre-khe doytch | मैं जर्मन बोलता हूँ |
🗣️ Example Dialogues (A1 Conversations)
👤 Person A:
Hallo! Woher kommst du?
👤 Person B:
Ich komme aus Deutschland. Und du?
👤 Person A:
Ich komme aus Indien. Ich spreche Hindi und ein bisschen Deutsch.
👤 Person A:
Sprichst du Englisch?
👤 Person B:
Ja, ich spreche Englisch und Deutsch.
📚 Grammar Note
- aus + Dative case is used to show origin.
e.g., Ich komme aus Indien. - Country names don’t use articles, except for plural names:
- die USA, die Niederlande
🔗 External Practice Links
| 🌐 Platform | 🔗 Resource |
|---|---|
| 📺 YouTube | Countries in German – Learn German with Anja |
| 📘 LingQ Blog | German Countries and Nationalities |
| 💡 Quizlet | Flashcards – Countries in German |
| 🧠 Memrise | German A1 – Countries and Languages |
| 🎧 Goethe Institut | Exercise: Woher kommst du? |
| 📚 Duolingo | Countries & Languages Skill |
🧠 Learning Tips
- Practice with Google Maps in German
- Introduce yourself with "Ich komme aus..."
- Watch travel videos in German and try to guess the country names
- Use flashcards with flags + German name
- Quiz yourself with native speaker videos on YouTube
💬 Keep practicing by introducing yourself and asking others about their countries in German.
Viel Erfolg! 🇩🇪✨